Ernest o



E. 0. SPECKERMAN (NOW BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME E..Q. FREDEI'1'ICS).

HAIR WAVING MEANS AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30, 1917.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

UNTTEE STATE earner FEEQE.

ERNEST O. SPEOKERMAN, OF NEW YORK, N. 'Y., (NOW BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME ERNEST OTTO FBEDERICS), ASSIGNOR TO E. FREDERICS, TING, OF NE'WYORK, N. Y.,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HAIR-HAVING MEAN S AND PROCESS F PRODUCING SAME.

To all "whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Banner O'r'ro SPECKER- MAN, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,

residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful 1m rovements in HairlVaving Means and rocesses of Producing the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved means of waving hair, whereby the waves imparted to the hair are given a degree of permanency not hitherto attained by the various devices which have been employed.

Hitherto it has been the practice to wind a lock of hair upon the curler and then wind about the curled hair a strip of absorbent material which has been impregnated with a fluid commonly used in the art of hair curl- 20 ing, whereupon the curled hair and absorbent material have been subjected to the action of heat. This method is objectionable for several reasons, among them the lengthof time required to Wind the absorbent material on the curled hair, the fact'that the absorbent material will not take up a sufficient quantity of the hair treating fluid to make its action effective, and the fact that V the handling of the wet stri s of material makes the process distasteful or the subject, as well as inconvenient to the operator.

Tubes made oflpasteboard, or other material, having located therein hair treating substances, have also been used. Such tubes, however, are objectionable in that during transportation the hair treating substance is apt to be dislodged from the interior of the tube, and moreover, owing to variations in the size of the carriers of the hair treata0 ing substance within the tube, it is sometimes diliicult to position these tubes about the curled hair.

The prime object of the present invention is to eliminate among others, all theobjections above enumerated by providing a new and improved carrier for the hair treating substance, which can be quickly andsecurely fastened to the lock of hair upon the curler, which may be transported without the hair Specification of Letters ?atent.

Application filed June 30, 1917. Serial No. 177,977.

treating substance being dislodged, and in which the hair treating material is evenly distributed, and also to provide a new and improved process of forming said carrier.

Other objects and aims of the invention, more or less specific than those referred to above, will be in part obvious and in part pointed out in the course of the following description of the elements, combinations, arrangements of parts and applications of principles, constituting the invention; and the scope of protection contem lated will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as a part of this specification, and in which I have shown merely a preferred form of embodiment of the invention:

Figure 1 is an elevational view, partly in section, showing the manner in which the present invention is employed.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing one of. the steps of preparing the carrier of the hair treating substance. 4 v

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a portion of the means employed to form or shape the hair treating substance before it is embodied in the carrier.

Fig. 4; is a view in elevation, partly broken away, showin the completed carrier of the hair treating substance. 7

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on line VV of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a view 'in perspective, showing the manner of'a plying the carrier of the hair treating su stance to a lock of hair which has been previously wound upon the curler.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the various views of the drawings.

Referring now to the drawing, thereforence numeral 1 indicates a tube which is preferably formed of pasteboard, or other suitable material. This tube is provided on its interior with a substantially moisture proof lining :2. This lining is preferably comprised of a plurality of layers of damble moisture proof material such for instance as oiled muslin, or other cloth which ture proof.

has been treated so as to make the same mois The tube 1, with its interior lining of water proof material, is preferably formed by positioninga moisture proof material on a sheet of cardboard and then rolling the two sheets over a suitable mandrel and cementing .the outside layer of pasteboard along the line indicated at 3. This fastens the moisture proof material securely to the pasteboard cover, inasmuch as the convolutions of the two sheets'when rolled upon the mandrel securely lock the two rolled sheets against displacement. The end of the flexible moisture proof material is preferably extended beyond the end of the paper or pasteboard covering, as at a, so that this part may be securely ligatured about the lock of hair near the roots thereof, asclea-rly shown in Fig. 1,.wherein T have shown the same as being ligatured as by means of a knotted string 5. The flexible moisture proof lining 2 may be carried the entire length of the paper part of the tube, or it may terminate short of the end thereof, as at the point 6, as shown in the drawings.

In order to prepare the carrier for the hair treating substance, 1 provide a strip of thin substantially porous-paper, as at 7, which is preferably square, as shown. I then place upon this paper at one side thereof a plate, such as 8, having a substantially rectangular opening 9. The hair treating substance is then deposited in the opening 9 of the plate 8, upon the sheet as T, as clearly indicated in Fig. 2. This hair treating substance is preferably in the form of a moist form of paste, one ingredient which I found satisfactory for the purpose being a paste formed of borax powder and water. In order to form the hair treating substance into av cake of uniform thickness, 1 preferably scrape 0d the top surface of the plate with a sharp instrument, such as a knife blade, whereby when the plate is removed there is deposited upon the strip 7 a paste cake of the thickness equal to that of the plate. The edges 10 and 11 of the strip 7 are then folded over at points 12 and 13 respectively, whereby the end wall is formed for the cake of hair treating substance, and the strip 7 is then folded over so that the part indicated at 1% is positioned upon the top surface of the cake, with the edge'15 of the strip 7 lying flush with the edge 16 thereof. Then this operation is completed it will be noted that the cake formed of the pasted mass of hair treating substance is inclosed in a po rous paper envelop. This envelop is then covered with av strip of material, also flexible, such as cheesecloth, or other suitable cloth having a relatively fine mesh, and the carrier is then stitched along the edges 17, inclosin the end portions of the cake of hair treatin substance, as well as along one side thereo as at 18. Several rows of longitudinal stitches, as at 19, are also sewed in this carrier. The result of these operations is that the paste mass is inclosed in an envelop and that the rows of stitches prevent its being dislodged therefrom, but also prevent the material from being displaced when dry during transportation, handling, etc. I preferably make the cloth covering slightly wider than the cake, leaving a laterally disposed portion 20, the function of which will be apparent hereinafter. I also preferably secure to this marginal portion 20, near one end thereof, a cord or string 21, the purpose of which will also be hereinafter apparent.

When the carrier has been formed in the manner above described, the hair treating substance is allowed to dry so that there is provided a relatively solid cake thereof within the envelop formed of the porous paper and cloth. Tn carrying my invention into effect a number of the carriers for the hair treating substance are immersed for an instant in a receptacle containing water and are then laid on a slab or table, ready for use. lVhen the operator has positioned a lock of hair about a metal curler, the end of which is shown at 22 in Fig. 6, one of these carriers is then wrapped about said lock, the laterally disposed strip 20 lapping over a portion of the envelop containing the hair treating substance, as indicated in Fig. 6. T he string 21 may then be utilized, as indicated in Fig. 6, for fastening the carrier closely about the lock of hair wound upon the curling device, so that the hair treating substance is brought into intimate contact with the hair which is thus being treated. My improved tube is then slid over the carrier which has been ositioned u on the lock of hair as aforesaid, so that it ta es the posh tion shown in Fig. 1, whereby the end 4 thereof may be bound or ligatured about the lock or hair to be treated.

llthen this has been done an electric heater having a hollow bore is then positioned. over the tube, as indicated in Fig. 1, although it will be understood that this heater is prefer ably moved along the tube only the inner end thereof is quite close to the scalp. In the present drawings it is shown being partially moved along the tube, so that the construction of the latter may be more materially understood. lVhen the circuit has been closed through the heater, the heat gen erated by the latter, and acting through the tube, will cause the .hair treating substance to act on the hair in a manner which will be understood by those skilled in the present art.

lit will, therefore, be seen that T have provided a process well adapted to attain, among others, all the aims and objects above indicated, in a very simple and etiicient manner. The steps employed to carry out the process are all so simple, yet they will per form their functions in a most etiicient manner. The construction of the carrier for the hair treating substance, and the manner of applying it to the hair upon the curler, insures it an intimate and even contact of the hair treating substance with the hair being treated, and owing to the fact that the hair treating substance is prevented from being displaced within the carrier, there will be an even thickness of this material completely encircling the lock of hair.

It will also be seen that the device produced may be shipped in flat condition. The moistening of the device reduces the powdered material into the form of paste so it is readily wrapped about the hair. The

string or cord can of course be omitted asthe envelo or carrier will beheld in position about the hair by the pasteboard tube in which it is inclosed when used.

, It will be further understood that other variations in the process and in the con: struction of the carrier and falling within the scope of the claims may be made without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Lei;- ters Patent is:

1. lfhe process of forming a carrier for a hair treating substance, which consists in 'ITIClOSIIIg in an envelop of textile material a paste formed of said hair treating substance, stitching said material within said envelop and then allowing said paste to dry.

2. The process of forming a carrier for a hair treating substance, which consists in mixing said hair treating substance with water to form a paste, forming said hair treating substance in the form of a cake and depositing the latter upon a sheet of absorbent material such as paper, folding said absorbent material about said cake so as to completely inclose the same, folding about said absorbent material a strip of cloth. then forming a line of stitches around the edges of said strip of cloth so that said cake of hair treating substance is completely inclosed, and then forming other lines of stitches through said carrier whereby said hair treating substance is prevented from moving about the interior of the en elop so formed.

3. A device of the class described, CODI- prising an envelop formed of textile material having located therein a hair treating substance, and a plurality of lines of stitches provided in said envelop, which pass through said hair'treating substance and hold it within said envelop, said envelop when moistened being adapted to be wrapped about a tress of hair.

4. A device of the class described, comprising a casing formed of absorbent material having locatedtherein a hair treating substance, a covering of textile material positioned about said casing, and a plurality of lines and stitches passing through said textile material and through the hair treating substance to hold the latter within said casing.

5. A device of the class described, comprising-an envelop formed of textile material having located therein a hair treating substance in powdered form, said envelop being adapted to be shipped in fiat form, and when moistened being adapted to be wrapped about a tress of hair so as to closely embrace the same.

6. A. device of the class described, comprising a fiat envelop formed of textile material having located therein a hair treating substance in powdered form, said envelop being adapted to be shipped in flat =torm, and when moistened being adapted to be wrapped about a tress of hair so as to closely embrace the same, and means passing through said envelop for holding the parts of said envelop together and for pre- Wentingthe powdered material from shifting within said envelop.

7. A device of the class described comprising a fiat envelop formed of absorbent material having located therein a hair treating substance in powdered form, and said first named envelop being inclosed within an envelop of flexible material.

8. A device of the class described comprising a fiat envelop formed of absorbent material having located therein a hair treating substance, a covering of textile material positioned about said envelop, and means serving the double purpose of securing said covering to said envelop and securing said hair treating substance again-st shifting about in said envelop.

9. A device of the class described comprising a fiat envelop formed of absorbent material having located therein a hair treating substance, a covering of textile material entirely inclosing said envelop and havingone edge extending beyond one edge of said envelop, securing means passing through said covering, envelop and hair treating substances, and a cord or the like secured to one corner of said extended edge of said textile cover.

10. A device of the class described comprising a fiat envelop formed of absorbent material having located therein a hair treating substance, a cover of textile material for said envelop, one edge of said cover projecting beyond one edge of said envelop, said envelop being adapted to be wound around locks of hair of diiierent diameters, and a cord or the like secured to the projecting edge of said cover whereby when said envelop and its cover are wound around a lock of hair, said cord may be Wound around said envelop to secure the same in cover for temporarily securing the envelop 10 place. to the lock of hair. 7

11. A device of the class described com- In testimony whereof I afiix my signature prising a flat envelop formed of absorbent in the presence of two Witnesses. material having located therein a hair treat- ERNEST O. SPEGKERMAN ing substance, a cover of textile material for said envelop, said envelop and cover being Witnesses:

adapted to be Wound around locks of hair EMMA WEINBERG, of varying sizes, and means attached to said HELEN CAREY. 

